CSE Reviewer
CSE Reviewer

History of the Civil Service Exam

Journey through 120+ years of Philippine civil service evolution, from colonial beginnings to the modern digital age.

Key Milestones

1900

Merit System Introduction

Replaced political patronage with competitive examinations

1959

CSC Establishment

Created independent constitutional commission

1975

Standardized Testing

Uniform examination system nationwide

2000s

Digital Revolution

Online applications and computerized exams

Historical Timeline

1900

First Civil Service Law

American Colonial Period

Introduction of merit-based system replacing Spanish colonial practices

Established foundation for modern civil service

1935

Philippine Constitution

Commonwealth Era

Constitutional provision for civil service system

Enshrined civil service in fundamental law

1959

Republic Act No. 2260

Post-Independence

Creation of modern Civil Service Commission

Established CSC as constitutional body

1975

Presidential Decree No. 807

Martial Law Period

Comprehensive Civil Service Decree

Modernized and systematized civil service rules

1987

New Constitution

Post-EDSA

Reinforced merit and fitness principle

Strengthened independence of civil service

2000s

Modernization Programs

Digital Age

Online applications and computerized testing

Improved accessibility and efficiency

Notable Figures

William Howard Taft

First Civil Governor

Established merit system in Philippines

1901-1903

Dr. Guillermo Luz

CSC Chairman

Modernized examination system

1960s-1970s

Corazon C. Alma de Leon

CSC Chairperson

Post-EDSA civil service reforms

1986-1991

Cesar D. Buenaflor

CSC Chairman

Digital transformation initiatives

2010-2016

By the Numbers

120+ Years

Of civil service system

50M+

Total examinees since 1900

1.7M+

Current government employees

400K+

Annual examinees today

Evolution of the Examination

Early Years (1900-1950s)

  • • Written essays and oral interviews
  • • Limited to major cities
  • • English language only
  • • Small candidate pool

Modernization (1960s-1990s)

  • • Multiple choice format
  • • Standardized testing
  • • Bilingual examinations
  • • Nationwide coverage

Digital Age (2000s-Present)

  • • Online applications
  • • Computer-based testing
  • • Real-time results
  • • Accessibility features

Legacy and Impact

Achievements:

  • • Eliminated political patronage in government hiring
  • • Established merit-based career advancement
  • • Created professional civil service culture
  • • Improved government service quality

Continuing Challenges:

  • • Balancing efficiency with accessibility
  • • Adapting to technological changes
  • • Maintaining examination integrity
  • • Meeting diverse candidate needs

CSE Basics

Get to know all the basics of the Civil Service Exam.